Pressure in hypertension: methods of treatment and prevention

High blood pressure in hypertension is an indicator of chronic persistent hypertension that needs to be treated. Even high blood pressure carries the risk of complications.

The level of blood pressure indicates the force with which the blood presses against their walls as it moves through the vessels. Blood pressure readings can fluctuate up or down throughout the day. This is considered the norm. But if the blood pressure level is constantly high, we are talking about a disease called hypertension.

Hypertension or arterial hypertension causes serious complications.

The so-called target organs are negatively affected: heart, kidneys, brain, blood vessels, retina. Very often the consequences of high blood pressure are heart attacks and strokes.

High blood pressure

High blood pressure in hypertension is dangerous and depends on the margin of error. Normal systolic blood pressure ranges from 120 to 129 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ranges from 80 to 84 mmHg.

The diagnosis of "hypertension of the 1st degree" is made if the blood pressure readings remain at the level of 140/90 to 160/100 mmHg. This is a mild degree of the disease, in which the constantly increased blood pressure is not accompanied by damage to the internal organs.

In the initial stage of hypertension, blood pressure rises periodically. Constant stress can provoke frequent and prolonged elevations. In a calm neuro-psychic state, the periods of its increase are short-lived and rare.

Constantly high blood pressure in hypertension poses a great threat of developing a hypertensive crisis. It's a matter of time!

The success of the treatment of arterial hypertension directly depends on compliance with the measures and treatment regimen. Strict adherence to the doctor's recommendations will accelerate the reduction of tonometer readings to normal levels. The effect can last for a very long time.

You should check your blood pressure if you have the following symptoms:

1. headache in the back of the head (often throbbing);
2. vertigo;
3. sleep disorders;
4. visual effect of "flies";
5. heartache.

The danger of hypertension lies in the fact that its initial stage is often asymptomatic.

A person may not even realize that they have high blood pressure. The body quickly adapts to the new indicators and the patient feels completely normal. Meanwhile, the pathological process spreads and affects the internal organs.

Catastrophic changes in blood vessels can cause kidney failure, heart attack, stroke, which are a complete surprise to the patient.

Lifestyle changes can have a positive effect on blood pressure levels.

To do this, the patient needs:

• ensure restful sleep;
• avoid stressful situations;
• practice exercises to relax the body;
• follow a diet;
• increasing physical activity.

If these measures do not help to cope with high blood pressure, the patient is prescribed medication. The doctor will tell you which medicine is best for normalizing blood pressure after an examination.

High pressure

High blood pressure due to hypertension should be treated immediately! The 2nd degree of hypertension (moderate) is characterized by its increase to a level of 160/100 to 180/110 mmHg. In order to normalize its indicators at this stage of the disease, the use of drugs is necessary. When examining patients diagnosed with stage 2 hypertension, an increase in the left ventricle of the heart is often found.

Severe hypertension is diagnosed in cases of persistent increase in blood pressure above 180/110 mmHg. Such high levels are usually accompanied by serious complications such as strokes, heart attacks and kidney dysfunction.

High blood pressure due to hypertension is the most common cause of death and disability.

Symptoms of very high blood pressure and severe hypertension include:

• cardiac arrhythmia;
• nosebleeds;
• pain in the region of the heart;
• headache;
• disturbance of gait and coordination of movements;
• severe visual impairment;
• muscle weakness;
• paralysis (as a result of impaired cerebral circulation);
• coughing up blood;
• impossibility of self-care;
• speech disorder;
• clouding of consciousness.

To treat severe hypertension, powerful drugs are prescribed or the doses of common drugs are increased. Patients with chronic pathology take pills for the rest of their lives.

Prevention of hypertension

If you have not yet been diagnosed with hypertension, lowering your blood pressure to normal levels should be a daily goal.

To maintain normal levels, you should follow a few simple rules:

1. maintaining a normal body weight;
2. eat less salt;
3. maintain a regime of moderate physical activity;
4. stop smoking and reduce the consumption of alcoholic beverages;
5. consume foods containing potassium (the average daily requirement is 3500 mg of potassium for an adult);
6. include fresh fruits and vegetables and low-fat dairy products in your daily diet.

The right nutrition

In case of arterial hypertension, it is necessary to observe the basic principles of nutrition:

• The daily diet should be balanced in terms of protein, fat and carbohydrate content. Daily norm for an adult: proteins - 100 g, fats - 100 g, carbohydrates - 400 g.
• It is necessary to reduce the consumption of light (quickly converted into glucose) carbohydrates.
• Reduce the amount of salt you consume.
• Enrich your daily menu with foods rich in vitamins, potassium, magnesium and other useful trace elements.
• Replace animal fats with vegetable fats.
• Include seafood rich in iodine and fatty acids in your diet.
• Create a proper diet: the number of meals per day is 5, the last meal is 2 hours before bedtime.
• Give preference to boiled or stewed dishes.
• Daily fluid intake should not exceed 1. 5 liters (including liquid meals and tea).

If there are no chronic abnormalities or vascular diseases, then such simple measures should be sufficient to normalize blood pressure.

With stage 1 hypertension, it is necessary to limit the consumption of certain foods. For 2nd and 3rd degree - complete shutdown.

Patients with hypertension are strictly not recommended to include in their diet:

• rich fish and meat broths;
• fatty pork and lamb;
• strong coffee and tea;
• beef fat, lard;
• hot spices;
• pastries, cakes, pastries;
• salted and pickled vegetables, radishes;
• mayonnaise, fatty sauces;
• chocolate, cocoa;
• sweet soda;
• alcohol and tobacco.

Products that lower blood pressure

For patients with hypertension, products containing antioxidants and able to break down fats, thin the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots will have the greatest benefit.

Nutrient content of products	Sample product list
Folic acid	Tomatoes, spinach, citrus fruits, peas, beans
Lactic acid	Sauerkraut, low-fat fermented milk products
Vitamin C	Rose hips, garlic, blackcurrant, lemon
Coarse fibers	Potatoes, cereals, vegetables, herbs, berries and fruits
Phosphorus, magnesium, potassium	Nuts, seafood, seeds

The list of products can be expanded by adhering to the basic principles of creating a menu for patients with hypertension.

Blood pressure changes throughout the day. Particularly sharp fluctuations are observed in patients with hypertension. In the morning it is low, after eating it increases and decreases again. In the evening, blood pressure is significantly higher than the morning level. And at night during sleep, in patients with arterial hypertension, it can drop sharply. These waves are more severe than in healthy people.

Normalizing blood pressure in hypertension can save a person's life and prevent heart attack or stroke.